Russia
2S1 122mm Self-Propelled Howitzer
Gary's Combat Vehicle Reference Guide

2S1
GENERAL DATA
 2S1
Alternative Designations122mm 2S1 Gvozdika, 122mm M1974, 122 PsH 74 (Finland)
Country of OriginCIS (formerly USSR)
RoleRegimental artillery and all-terrain fire support vehicle
Date Of Introduction1974
Crew4 (section of 6 with 2 in ammo carrier)
Combat Weight17.3 tons (15.7 mt)
Ground Pressure7.11 psi (0.5 kg/cm²)
Length, Overall 23.82 ft (7.26 m)
Width, Overall 9.35 ft (2.85 m)
Height, Overall 8.92 ft (2.72 m)
Ground Clearance15.6 in (395 mm)
PERFORMANCE
 2S1
Engine300 hp (224 kw) V-8 diesel
Range311 miles (500 km)
Fuel Capacity145 gal (550 l)
Road Speed37 mph (60 km/h)
Cross Country Speed20 mph (32 km/h)
Swim Speed2.8 mph (4.5 km/h)
Fording DepthAmphibious
Trench Crossing8.2 ft (2.5 m)
Vertical Wall Climb3.6 ft (1.1 m)
Emplacement/Displacement Time2/1 minutes
PROTECTION
 2S1
ArmorTurret: 0.8 in (20 mm).  Turret Top: 0.4 in (10 mm).  Hull: 0.6 in (15 mm)
Applique ArmorN/A
Explosive Reactive ArmorN/A
Active Protective SystemN/A
NBC Protection SystemYes
Smoke EquipmentN/A
ARMAMENT
2S1
Type Mount Typical Ammo Load
122mm, 36 caliber barrel length, 2A31 cannon Turret; semi-automatic loading; double baffle muzzle brake 40.
Frag-HE, HEAT-FS, smoke, illumination, Frag-HE-RAP, incendiary, chemical, flechette, expendable Jammer, semi-active laser-guided Kitolov-2M Frag-HE
FIRE CONTROL
 2S1
Fire Control SystemIndirect Fire: PG-2 Panoramic Telescope (PANTEL)
Direct Fire: OP 5-37
Main Gun StabilizationN/A
Infrared SearchlightYes

NOTES

The 2S1's ammunition stowage rack is not mechanized. The 2S1 is manually loaded with a semiautomatic ramming capability. The four-man crew consists of the commander, driver, gunner, and loader.

Field Artillery Journal: 2S1 Cutaway

2S1

VARIANTS

2S1
1974. Original production model. See data above.
GTA 17-2-8: 2S1

Recognition features:
  • Fully tracked vehicle.
  • Seven evenly spaced road wheels with no support rollers.
  • Short, flat turret set back on hull.
  • Gun tube flush with forward edge.
  • Tear-shaped port cover on left side of turret.
  • Rectangular box on left side of turret.
  • Double baffle muzzle brake. Bore evacuator.
  • Large infrared searchlight mounted on left of turret.
  • One door in rear of hull.
  • Driver left front with cutout.

Finnish Defence Forces: 122 PsH 74
122 PsH 74
Finnish Defence Forces Photo
800x538, 99K, JPEG
RSLC: 2S1
2S1
U.S. Army Photo
850x526, 84K, JPEG
RSLC, OCT-2005: 2S1
2S1
U.S. Army Photo
1030x653, 111K, JPEG
Defenselink website: 2S1
Croatian Defense Council (HVO) 2S1
Operation Joint Endeavor
Dusine, Bosnia-Herzegovina
26-FEB-1996
DoD photo by: SPC Alejandro Cabello
1024x680, 227K, JPEG
Defenselink website: 2S1
Croatian Defense Council (HVO) 2S1
Operation Joint Endeavor
Dusine, Bosnia-Herzegovina
26-FEB-1996
DoD photo by: SPC Alejandro Cabello
1024x680, 141K, JPEG
MTK-2, M1979/UR67
1981. Based on the 2S1 self-propelled howitzer chassis, the MTK-2 has a turret-like superstructure that contains three UR-77 rockets on launch ramps. The range of the rockets is about 200 to 400 meters. Each rocket is connected via a towing line to 170 meters of mine clearance hose that is stowed folded in the uncovered base of the turret on the vehicle roof. The hose, with pressure fuses, is command-detonated to clear a path up 140 meters long and 6 meters wide through minefields. The MTK-2 is capable of operating in a nuclear, biological, and chemical environment and has good cross-country capability.

Vehicle was formerly known at the M1979/UR67.
IT0638: MTK-2
RKhM
Chemical reconnaissance vehicle based on the 2S1 chassis.